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David Friedel cf41959b79 Initial commit: Mutual Flourishing framework 
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Digital Rights & Algorithmic Transparency Act (DRATA)

118th Congress, 2nd Session
H.R. _____ / S. _____

A BILL

To establish comprehensive protections for digital rights, ensure transparency in artificial intelligence systems, and prevent algorithmic discrimination while protecting individual privacy.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

Section 1. Short Title

This Act may be cited as the "Digital Rights & Algorithmic Transparency Act" or "DRATA".

Section 2. Purpose

To establish comprehensive protections for digital rights, ensure transparency in artificial intelligence systems, and prevent algorithmic discrimination while protecting individual privacy.

Title I: Algorithmic Transparency & Accountability

Section 101: Mandatory AI System Disclosure

  1. Any entity using AI systems that make decisions affecting individuals must:

    • Publish detailed documentation of their AI systems' purpose and functionality
    • Maintain public records of training data sources and methodologies
    • Provide clear notice when individuals interact with AI systems
    • Document all system updates and their potential impacts

  2. Annual Independent Audits Required For:

    • Employment decision systems
    • Credit scoring systems
    • Criminal justice risk assessment tools
    • Healthcare diagnosis and treatment systems
    • Educational assessment systems
    • Social media content moderation systems

Section 102: Algorithmic Impact Assessments

  1. Organizations must conduct impact assessments before deploying AI systems that:

    • Affect more than 100,000 individuals annually
    • Make decisions about protected classes
    • Influence access to essential services
    • Impact civil rights, economic opportunity, or public safety

  2. Impact assessments must evaluate:

    • Potential discriminatory effects
    • Privacy implications
    • Security vulnerabilities
    • Environmental impact of system deployment
    • Mechanisms for human oversight and appeal

Title II: Data Privacy & Security

Section 201: Individual Data Rights

  1. Right to Access:

    • Obtain all personal data held by an organization
    • Receive explanation of how data is used
    • Know all entities with whom data has been shared

  2. Right to Delete:

    • Request complete deletion of personal data
    • Verify deletion has occurred
    • Require notification to third parties of deletion

  3. Right to Correct:

    • Submit corrections to inaccurate data
    • Appeal automated decisions
    • Receive human review of significant decisions

Section 202: Data Collection Limitations

  1. Organizations must:

    • Collect only necessary data for stated purposes
    • Delete data when no longer needed
    • Encrypt all stored personal data
    • Notify individuals of data breaches within 48 hours

  2. Prohibited Practices:

    • Selling personal data without explicit consent
    • Using dark patterns to obtain consent
    • Collecting data from children under 16 without parental consent
    • Using biometric data without clear disclosure

Title III: Government Surveillance Limitations

Section 301: Surveillance Restrictions

  1. Government agencies must:

    • Obtain warrants for digital surveillance
    • Provide annual transparency reports
    • Delete collected data after investigation completion
    • Notify individuals of surveillance (when no longer compromising)

  2. Prohibited Activities:

    • Mass surveillance programs
    • Warrantless purchase of personal data
    • Facial recognition in public spaces without court order
    • Collaboration with private entities to circumvent restrictions

Title IV: AI Ethics & Safety

Section 401: Required Safety Measures

  1. AI System Requirements:

    • Human oversight for critical decisions
    • Emergency shutdown capabilities
    • Regular security updates
    • Bias testing and mitigation
    • Clear audit trails

  2. High-Risk AI Systems must have:

    • Redundant safety systems
    • Real-time monitoring
    • Regular third-party testing
    • Disaster recovery plans
    • Insurance coverage for potential harms

Title V: Enforcement & Penalties

Section 501: Enforcement Authority

  1. Creates Digital Rights Protection Agency (DRPA) with:

    • Investigation powers
    • Rulemaking authority
    • Enforcement capabilities
    • Coordination with state agencies

  2. Penalties for Violations:

    • First offense: Up to $10 million or 4% of global revenue
    • Subsequent offenses: Up to $50 million or 8% of global revenue
    • Criminal penalties for intentional violations
    • Private right of action for affected individuals

Title VIII: Technological Evolution & Adaptation

Section 801: Emerging Technology Response

  1. Technology Review Board:

    • Quarterly assessment of emerging technologies
    • Emergency rulemaking authority for new threats
    • Modification of requirements for novel systems
    • Research collaboration with national laboratories

  2. Quantum Computing Provisions:

    • Post-quantum cryptography requirements
    • Quantum-resistant security standards
    • Special rules for quantum AI systems
    • Quantum advantage disclosure requirements

  3. Future Technology Framework:

    • Flexible definition expansion mechanism
    • Rapid response protocols for new risks
    • Advanced computing architecture provisions
    • Neuromorphic and biological computing standards

Title IX: Resource Allocation & Support

Section 901: Technical Assistance Program

  1. Small Business Support:

    • Free compliance consultation services
    • Technical implementation assistance
    • Subsidized audit programs
    • Compliance tool access

  2. Government Resources:

    • Open-source compliance tools
    • Standard documentation templates
    • Training programs and certification
    • Regional support centers

  3. Financial Assistance:

    • Compliance grants for small businesses
    • Tax credits for implementation costs
    • Low-interest compliance loans
    • Audit cost sharing programs

Section 902: Research & Development

  1. Innovation Support:

    • Research exemptions for academic institutions
    • Regulatory sandboxes for testing
    • Public-private partnerships
    • Innovation grants program

  2. Standards Development:

    • Public reference implementations
    • Open testing frameworks
    • Compliance verification tools
    • Bias detection systems

Title X: Oversight & Evolution

Section 1001: Continuous Improvement

  1. Review Requirements:

    • Annual effectiveness assessment
    • Public comment periods
    • Technology impact studies
    • Cost-benefit analysis

  2. Amendment Process:

    • Expedited update procedures
    • Emergency modification provisions
    • Stakeholder consultation requirements
    • Periodic comprehensive review

Section 1002: Accountability

  1. Congressional Oversight:

    • Quarterly progress reports
    • Annual effectiveness metrics
    • Budget justification requirements
    • Implementation milestones

  2. Public Transparency:

    • Online compliance dashboard
    • Enforcement action database
    • Public audit reports
    • Impact assessment repository

Title XI: Special Use Cases & Critical Infrastructure

Section 1101: AI Model Supply Chain Security

  1. Model Development Requirements:

    • Complete training data provenance tracking
    • Supply chain security audits
    • Component model verification
    • Contamination detection systems

  2. Model Distribution Controls:

    • Secure distribution channels
    • Version control requirements
    • Update integrity verification
    • Tampering detection systems

  3. Third-Party Model Integration:

    • Security assessment requirements
    • Compatibility verification
    • Integration testing protocols
    • Liability allocation framework

Section 1102: AI Training Facility Regulation

  1. Facility Requirements:

    • Physical security standards
    • Environmental impact limits
    • Power consumption monitoring
    • Cooling system efficiency

  2. Computational Resource Management:

    • Energy usage reporting
    • Carbon footprint limitations
    • Resource allocation tracking
    • Efficiency requirements

  3. Training Data Security:

    • Physical access controls
    • Network isolation protocols
    • Data sanitization requirements
    • Backup security standards

Section 1103: AI in Democratic Processes

  1. Election-Related Content:

    • Mandatory AI content labeling
    • Real-time detection systems
    • Rapid response protocols
    • Archive requirements

  2. Campaign Restrictions:

    • AI-generated content disclosure
    • Deepfake prohibition in campaigns
    • Voice synthesis limitations
    • Authentication requirements

  3. Voter Protection:

    • AI-driven targeting restrictions
    • Manipulation detection systems
    • Voter data protection
    • Disinformation countermeasures

Section 1104: Critical Infrastructure Protection

  1. Sector-Specific Requirements:

    • Energy grid AI systems
    • Transportation control systems
    • Healthcare infrastructure
    • Financial system controls

  2. Security Standards:

    • Redundancy requirements
    • Failsafe mechanisms
    • Isolation protocols
    • Recovery systems

  3. Testing and Verification:

    • Monthly security assessments
    • Penetration testing requirements
    • Stress test protocols
    • Emergency response drills

  4. Incident Response:

    • 15-minute initial response
    • 1-hour containment requirement
    • 4-hour mitigation plan
    • 24-hour recovery timeline

Section 1105: Model Registry & Tracking

  1. National AI Model Registry:

    • Unique identifier requirements
    • Version tracking system
    • Deployment tracking
    • Impact classification

  2. Training Documentation:

    • Resource consumption records
    • Environmental impact reports
    • Training data summaries
    • Performance metrics

  3. Model Lifecycle Management:

    • Development documentation
    • Deployment tracking
    • Update management
    • Retirement protocols

Section 1106: Emergency Powers

  1. Crisis Response:

    • Immediate shutdown authority
    • Emergency model updates
    • Mandatory system rollbacks
    • Network isolation powers

  2. National Security Provisions:

    • Defense system exemptions
    • Classified system protocols
    • Intelligence application rules
    • Military AI requirements

  3. Critical Event Management:

    • Natural disaster response
    • Cyber attack protocols
    • Infrastructure failure handling
    • Public safety measures

Implementation Timeline

Phase 1: Establishment (0-180 days)

  • Day 1: Act becomes law
  • Day 30: Initial agency funding
  • Day 90: DRPA leadership appointed
  • Day 180: Agency fully operational

Phase 2: Framework Development (181-365 days)

  • Month 7: Draft regulations published
  • Month 9: Public comment period
  • Month 11: Final regulations released
  • Month 12: Technical assistance begins

Phase 3: Tiered Implementation (366-730 days)

  • Month 13: Tier 1 companies begin compliance
  • Month 15: Tier 2 companies begin compliance
  • Month 18: Tier 3 companies begin compliance
  • Month 24: Full compliance required

Phase 4: Enforcement (731+ days)

  • Month 25: Audit program begins
  • Month 28: Enforcement actions begin
  • Month 30: International cooperation active
  • Month 36: Complete system operational

Emergency Provisions

  • Critical vulnerabilities: 24-hour response
  • Emerging threats: 72-hour assessment
  • Technology shifts: 30-day adaptation
  • Market disruptions: 60-day adjustment

Title VI: International Compliance & Cooperation

Section 601: International Data Governance

  1. Cross-Border Data Flows:

    • Automatic recognition of comparable foreign privacy laws
    • Standard contractual clauses for international transfers
    • Joint enforcement mechanisms with partner nations
    • Mutual assistance treaties for investigations

  2. International Compliance Framework:

    • Recognition of GDPR adequacy decisions
    • Standardized compliance reports accepted across jurisdictions
    • International data transfer impact assessments
    • Cross-border enforcement cooperation

Section 602: Foreign Entity Obligations

  1. Extra-territorial Application:
    • Applies to all services offered to U.S. persons
    • Requires U.S.-based legal representative
    • Mandatory compliance bonds for foreign entities
    • Joint liability for domestic partners

Title VII: Special Provisions

Section 601: Tiered Compliance

  1. Company Size Classifications:

    • Tier 1: Revenue > $1B or >1M users
    • Tier 2: Revenue $100M-$1B or 100K-1M users
    • Tier 3: Revenue <$100M or <100K users

  2. Adjusted Requirements:

    • Tier 1: Full compliance with all provisions
    • Tier 2: Scaled requirements with longer implementation timeline
    • Tier 3: Basic requirements only, with technical assistance provided

Section 602: Open Source Provisions

  1. Open Source Projects:
    • Documentation requirements apply only to deployed instances
    • Liability lies with implementing organization
    • Research and development exemptions
    • Community-maintained transparency reports accepted

Section 603: Technical Flexibility

  1. Alternative Compliance Paths:
    • Federated learning systems: Modified audit requirements
    • Encrypted systems: Alternative transparency measures
    • Continuous learning systems: Rolling compliance checks
    • Multi-model systems: Component-level assessment allowed

Definitions

For purposes of this Act:

  1. "Artificial Intelligence System" means any software system that:

    • Makes predictions, recommendations, or decisions
    • Influences real-world or digital environments
    • Uses machine learning, statistical modeling, or rule-based decision making
    • Excludes simple automation or static rule-based systems

  2. "High-Risk AI System" means any AI system that:

    • Makes decisions affecting individual rights, health, or safety
    • Impacts access to essential services or economic opportunity
    • Has potential for significant societal impact
    • Specifically includes systems listed in Section 101.2

  3. "Critical Decision" means any automated decision that:

    • Affects legal rights or obligations
    • Impacts access to essential services
    • Has significant financial consequences (>$5000)
    • Affects employment, housing, or education
    • Influences medical treatment or diagnosis

Previous definition list replaced with specific technical and legal definitions including:

  • Artificial Intelligence System
  • Algorithmic Decision-Making
  • Personal Data
  • High-Risk AI System
  • Dark Pattern
  • Biometric Data
  • Mass Surveillance
  • Critical Decision

Title XII: AI Training Data Rights

Section 1201: Data Subject Rights in AI Training

  1. Training Data Transparency

    • Right to know if personal data has been used in AI training datasets
    • Mandatory disclosure of data sources for AI training
    • Public registries of major AI training datasets
    • Clear labeling of AI systems trained on personal data

  2. Opt-Out and Consent Rights

    • Right to opt-out of AI training datasets retroactively
    • Explicit consent required for sensitive personal data in AI training
    • Granular control over different types of AI training uses
    • Compensation mechanisms for valuable data contributions

Section 1202: Synthetic Media and Deepfake Protections

  1. Malicious Deepfake Prevention

    • Criminal penalties for creating deepfakes with intent to deceive or harm
    • Enhanced penalties for deepfakes targeting election processes
    • Civil liability for non-consensual intimate deepfakes
    • Right to request removal of malicious synthetic media

  2. Mandatory Content Authentication

    • Watermarking requirements for all AI-generated content
    • Blockchain-based content provenance tracking
    • Industry standards for synthetic media detection
    • Public access to content authentication tools

Section 1203: AI Model Accountability

  1. Training Process Documentation

    • Complete documentation of AI training processes and data sources
    • Environmental impact reporting for large model training
    • Bias testing and mitigation records
    • Regular auditing of model performance and impacts

  2. Model Usage Restrictions

    • Prohibited uses of AI models for surveillance without warrant
    • Restrictions on AI models used for social scoring
    • Consumer protection from manipulative AI systems
    • Right to know when interacting with AI systems

Section 1204: International AI Governance Coordination

  1. Global AI Standards Alignment

    • Participation in international AI governance initiatives
    • Mutual recognition of AI safety certifications
    • Coordinated response to AI-related threats
    • Information sharing on AI risks and best practices

  2. Cross-Border AI Cooperation

    • Joint AI safety research programs
    • Shared AI ethics standards and enforcement
    • Coordinated AI incident response capabilities
    • International AI transparency requirements
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