mutual-flourishing/ADPA/bills/TGMA.md

Technology Governance Modernization Act (TGMA)

118th Congress, 2nd Session
H.R. _____ / S. _____

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A BILL

To establish adaptive frameworks for governing emerging technologies, ensure rapid response to technological threats to democracy, and create flexible regulatory mechanisms that can evolve with technological advancement.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

Section 1. Short Title

This Act may be cited as the "Technology Governance Modernization Act" or "TGMA".

Section 2. Purpose and Findings

2.1 Purpose

To create adaptive regulatory frameworks that can rapidly respond to emerging technologies while protecting democratic institutions, civil liberties, and national security.

2.2 Congressional Findings

Congress finds that:

• Technology evolves faster than traditional regulatory processes
• Emerging technologies pose novel threats to democratic governance
• Adaptive regulation is necessary for effective governance
• International coordination is essential for technology governance
• Public-private partnerships enhance regulatory effectiveness

Section 3. Definitions

For purposes of this Act:

• Emerging Technology: New or rapidly evolving technology with potential significant impact on society, democracy, or national security
• Adaptive Regulation: Regulatory frameworks designed to evolve with technological advancement
• Technology Threat Assessment: Systematic evaluation of technology's potential risks and benefits
• Rapid Response Authority: Emergency rulemaking powers for addressing urgent technological threats

Title I: Adaptive Regulatory Framework

Section 101: Technology Assessment Office

1. Office Establishment

   • Independent Technology Assessment Office (TAO) within Executive Office of the President
   • Director appointed by President, confirmed by Senate, 6-year term
   • Bipartisan advisory board with technology and policy expertise
   • Dedicated staff with technical and regulatory expertise

2. Core Functions

   • Continuous monitoring of emerging technologies
   • Risk and benefit assessment of new technologies
   • Regulatory gap analysis and recommendations
   • International technology governance coordination
   • Public engagement and transparency

3. Assessment Responsibilities

   • Quarterly emerging technology reports
   • Annual comprehensive technology governance review
   • Rapid assessment capability for urgent threats
   • Impact analysis for proposed regulations
   • Policy recommendation development

Section 102: Adaptive Regulatory Mechanisms

1. Flexible Regulatory Framework

   • Principle-based rather than prescriptive regulations
   • Automatic review triggers for regulatory updates
   • Sunset clauses for technology-specific regulations
   • Safe harbor provisions for innovation
   • Regulatory sandbox programs

2. Rapid Response Authority

   • Emergency rulemaking for imminent threats
   • Temporary regulatory measures pending full review
   • Expedited public comment periods
   • Automatic termination if not confirmed within 180 days
   • Congressional notification requirements

3. Technology-Neutral Principles

   • Focus on outcomes rather than specific technologies
   • Interoperability requirements where appropriate
   • Performance standards rather than design mandates
   • Regular review and update mechanisms
   • Innovation incentive structures

Title II: Emerging Technology Oversight

Section 201: Artificial Intelligence Governance

1. AI System Classification

   • Risk-based classification system for AI applications
   • High-risk AI system identification and oversight
   • Regular reassessment of risk classifications
   • Industry-specific AI governance requirements
   • International AI governance alignment

2. AI Safety and Ethics Requirements

   • Mandatory safety testing for high-risk AI systems
   • Algorithmic bias prevention and testing
   • Human oversight requirements for critical decisions
   • Transparency and explainability standards
   • Data quality and training requirements

3. AI Development Oversight

   • Registration requirements for large AI models
   • Safety research and development requirements
   • International cooperation on AI safety
   • Academic research protection and support
   • Public-private partnership facilitation

Section 202: Quantum Computing Governance

1. Quantum Technology Assessment

   • Continuous monitoring of quantum computing development
   • Cryptographic vulnerability assessment
   • National security impact evaluation
   • Economic and societal impact analysis
   • International quantum governance coordination

2. Post-Quantum Cryptography Transition

   • Mandatory timeline for post-quantum cryptography adoption
   • Government system upgrade requirements
   • Private sector transition support and incentives
   • International standards coordination
   • Emergency transition procedures

3. Quantum Security Framework

   • Quantum-safe communication protocols
   • Quantum key distribution infrastructure
   • Quantum computing access controls
   • Research security requirements
   • International quantum security cooperation

Section 203: Biotechnology and Bioengineering

1. Biotech Governance Framework

   • Risk assessment for bioengineering applications
   • Safety and security oversight requirements
   • Dual-use research oversight
   • International biosafety coordination
   • Ethical review requirements

2. Genetic Engineering Oversight

   • Human genetic engineering safety requirements
   • Agricultural biotechnology regulation
   • Environmental release protocols
   • Long-term impact assessment
   • Public engagement requirements

3. Biosecurity and Pandemic Preparedness

   • Pathogen research oversight
   • Laboratory security requirements
   • Emergency response capabilities
   • International disease surveillance
   • Biodefense coordination

Title III: Digital Infrastructure and Security

Section 301: Critical Digital Infrastructure

1. Infrastructure Identification and Protection

   • Comprehensive mapping of critical digital infrastructure
   • Cybersecurity standards for critical systems
   • Resilience and redundancy requirements
   • Emergency response capabilities
   • Public-private coordination mechanisms

2. Supply Chain Security

   • Technology supply chain risk assessment
   • Trusted supplier certification programs
   • Component integrity verification
   • International supply chain coordination
   • Emergency supply chain protection

3. Digital Sovereignty Framework

   • Data localization requirements for critical systems
   • Foreign technology risk assessment
   • Strategic technology independence initiatives
   • International technology cooperation agreements
   • Emergency technology controls

Section 302: Space Technology and Satellite Systems

1. Space-Based Communication Security

   • Satellite communication security standards
   • Space-based internet governance
   • Orbital debris management coordination
   • International space governance participation
   • Emergency space system protection

2. Commercial Space Oversight

   • Private space company regulation
   • Launch and deployment approval processes
   • Space traffic management
   • International space law compliance
   • Space technology export controls

Title IV: Innovation and Economic Impact

Section 401: Innovation Support Framework

1. Research and Development Incentives

   • Tax incentives for democratic technology development
   • Government procurement preferences for secure technologies
   • Public-private research partnerships
   • Academic research support and protection
   • International research collaboration facilitation

2. Regulatory Sandbox Programs

   • Safe harbor provisions for technology testing
   • Temporary regulatory relief for innovation
   • Performance monitoring and evaluation
   • Graduation to full regulatory compliance
   • Public transparency and oversight

3. Small Business and Startup Support

   • Reduced regulatory burden for qualifying small businesses
   • Technical assistance and guidance programs
   • Access to government testing facilities
   • Streamlined approval processes
   • International market access support

Section 402: Workforce and Economic Transition

1. Technology Workforce Development

   • STEM education enhancement programs
   • Technology retraining and reskilling initiatives
   • Public-private workforce partnerships
   • International talent attraction and retention
   • Diversity and inclusion requirements

2. Economic Impact Mitigation

   • Displaced worker support programs
   • Economic transition assistance for affected communities
   • Small business adaptation support
   • Regional economic development initiatives
   • Social safety net enhancement

Title V: International Cooperation and Standards

Section 501: Global Technology Governance

1. International Standards Development

   • Participation in international standards organizations
   • Democratic values integration in global standards
   • Multistakeholder governance support
   • Technical diplomacy initiatives
   • Capacity building for developing nations

2. Technology Export Controls

   • Coordinated export control regimes
   • Dual-use technology oversight
   • International technology transfer agreements
   • Emergency technology restrictions
   • Allied coordination mechanisms

3. Digital Trade and Commerce

   • International digital trade agreements
   • Cross-border data flow frameworks
   • Digital taxation coordination
   • E-commerce security standards
   • International dispute resolution

Section 502: Cyber Governance and Security

1. International Cyber Cooperation

   • Cyber incident information sharing
   • Joint cyber threat response
   • International cyber law development
   • Capacity building for cyber governance
   • Democratic cyber norms promotion

2. Internet Governance Participation

   • Multistakeholder internet governance support
   • Democratic participation in global internet forums
   • Internet freedom and openness advocacy
   • Technical internet standards development
   • Emergency internet governance response

Title VI: Public Engagement and Transparency

Section 601: Public Participation Framework

1. Technology Governance Transparency

   • Public access to technology assessments
   • Regular public hearings and consultations
   • Citizen advisory panels
   • Academic and civil society engagement
   • International transparency cooperation

2. Democratic Technology Development

   • Public interest technology development
   • Community-driven innovation support
   • Democratic participation in technology design
   • Public benefit technology requirements
   • Social impact assessment requirements

Section 602: Education and Awareness

1. Public Technology Literacy

   • Technology literacy education programs
   • Public awareness campaigns
   • Community education initiatives
   • Digital skills development
   • Critical thinking about technology

2. Democratic Technology Education

   • Civic technology education
   • Digital rights awareness
   • Technology policy education
   • Community organizing around technology
   • Democratic participation in technology governance

Title VII: Enforcement and Implementation

Section 701: Enforcement Authority

1. Regulatory Enforcement

   • Multi-agency enforcement coordination
   • Graduated penalty structure
   • Emergency enforcement authority
   • International enforcement cooperation
   • Private right of action provisions

2. Compliance and Monitoring

   • Regular compliance audits
   • Automated monitoring systems
   • Whistleblower protection and rewards
   • Public compliance reporting
   • Continuous improvement mechanisms

Section 702: Implementation Support

1. Resource Allocation

   • Dedicated funding for technology governance
   • Multi-agency resource sharing
   • Public-private cost sharing
   • International cooperation funding
   • Emergency response resources

2. Personnel and Expertise

   • Technology expertise recruitment and retention
   • Cross-agency personnel exchanges
   • International expert exchanges
   • Training and professional development
   • Academic partnership programs

Title VIII: Constitutional and Legal Framework

Section 801: Constitutional Safeguards

1. Rights Protection

   • Constitutional rights preservation in technology governance
   • Due process requirements for technology regulation
   • Equal protection in technology access
   • First Amendment protection in digital spaces
   • Fourth Amendment protection against technology surveillance

2. Separation of Powers

   • Congressional oversight of technology governance
   • Judicial review of technology regulations
   • Executive authority limitations
   • Inter-branch coordination requirements
   • Emergency powers limitations

Section 802: Legal Framework Integration

1. Existing Law Coordination

   • Integration with existing regulatory frameworks
   • Conflict resolution mechanisms
   • Legal precedent consideration
   • International law compliance
   • Constitutional review requirements

2. Adaptive Legal Mechanisms

   • Legal framework evolution with technology
   • Automatic legal review triggers
   • Emergency legal adaptation procedures
   • International legal coordination
   • Continuous legal improvement

Section 803: Effective Date and Implementation

This Act shall take effect 180 days after enactment, with phased implementation over 24 months.

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Adaptive governance for the technological age.